0:0:0.0 --> 0:0:0.970
Maffei, Clare J
We're recording.

0:0:0.-920 --> 0:0:8.870
Droege, Sam
Yeah, he reached out. I haven't had a chance to to e-mail him back. Alright. So are you recording Claire now? Or do you want to?

0:0:7.410 --> 0:0:11.960
Maffei, Clare J
I am now. It is now recording so that now you can talk about the the fancy use raw.

0:0:12.700 --> 0:0:13.130
Droege, Sam
OK.

0:0:13.460 --> 0:0:19.940
Maffei, Clare J
This is just an open office hours invitation. I'm not gonna turn it. Everybody's cameras off or, you know, I'll be.

0:0:20.770 --> 0:0:24.760
Maffei, Clare J
Umm, yeah, Jenny. If you want to go get.

0:0:25.480 --> 0:0:26.250
Maffei, Clare J
You're bees.

0:0:28.550 --> 0:0:29.270
Jenni Geib
No, I mean.

0:0:30.390 --> 0:0:30.960
Droege, Sam
Hey, Jenny.

0:0:27.430 --> 0:0:32.0
Maffei, Clare J
Yes. Yeah, it's open office hours. So we're here to hang out.

0:0:32.670 --> 0:0:40.820
Jenni Geib
A my main question I just wanted to know if I should come up there to get my bees that you have. Sam, that's my main thing.

0:1:0.580 --> 0:1:0.790
Jenni Geib
OK.

0:0:39.980 --> 0:1:0.800
Droege, Sam
Oh yeah. You know, I had we, you know, it's a you know that we're kind of overwhelmed. And your problem with your bees is that they need some big additional mean, a lot of them although interesting they need some cleaning. So there's still a there's still here but.

0:1:15.130 --> 0:1:15.580
Jenni Geib
OK.

0:1:1.300 --> 0:1:17.110
Droege, Sam
Umm, you know, it kind of depends. Like if you need a needle in a rush right now we look at it and go like, you know, let's look at something a little more pretty, sad to say. So what's the what's the status for you?

0:1:25.200 --> 0:1:25.460
Droege, Sam
Yeah.

0:1:19.320 --> 0:1:26.830
Jenni Geib
I gave my final report to the Park Service for what we had already identified, so I was thinking that.

0:1:27.580 --> 0:1:37.640
Jenni Geib
One thing I could do, so if that's the issue, I could possibly come up with some folks and we could do some cleaning if that would be helpful.

0:1:53.60 --> 0:1:53.360
Jenni Geib
Ohh.

0:1:54.240 --> 0:1:54.500
Mike Arduser (Guest)
No.

0:2:1.0 --> 0:2:1.760
Jenni Geib
Ah.

0:1:39.810 --> 0:2:9.590
Droege, Sam
And yes, and I've never really done. Maybe Mike has my ideas here or maybe anyone online has some ideas so the main issue is mold during COVID they got stored and then they just mold it molded up different. You know it varied by group and some of them are like really moldy. Alright, there's and there's thousands of specimens. So anyone have any ideas on resurrecting them so that they're a little more?

0:2:10.50 --> 0:2:10.730
Droege, Sam
You know.

0:2:11.320 --> 0:2:11.710
Jenni Geib
OK.

0:2:15.520 --> 0:2:15.900
Droege, Sam
Uh-huh.

0:2:10.360 --> 0:2:20.260
Mike Arduser (Guest)
I I've always used a very fine paint. You know very, very fine paintbrush. But but that but that that's just for occasional individuals. I can't imagine doing that for that many.

0:2:20.70 --> 0:2:20.450
Droege, Sam
Yeah.

0:2:24.660 --> 0:2:24.970
Mike Arduser (Guest)
The.

0:2:21.170 --> 0:2:25.550
Jenni Geib
Yeah. When we cause, we actually did process some that had.

0:2:26.240 --> 0:2:31.330
Jenni Geib
Some mold, I think, before we sent them up there, but I didn't realize that they were now.

0:2:32.240 --> 0:2:34.740
Jenni Geib
They had that extent of mold on them.

0:2:38.180 --> 0:2:38.540
Jenni Geib
OK.

0:2:35.500 --> 0:2:42.420
Droege, Sam
Well, it's not something that happened up here. It's maybe, you know, our notion is that.

0:2:43.990 --> 0:2:51.600
Droege, Sam
Yeah, maybe they got clean, so I hate to see what they look like before, but they're in, you know, they're not our favorite.

0:2:52.310 --> 0:2:52.780
Jenni Geib
Mm-hmm.

0:3:0.430 --> 0:3:0.640
Jenni Geib
Yeah.

0:2:52.310 --> 0:3:12.90
Droege, Sam
Uh thing, let me hang on for one second. Let me ask Cindy. It's Cindy. Is Cindy here outside, too? I can talk to her in a second. She knows more about where they are, and I can't remember. You had two years. And did we go through one year and then just didn't do the other? Yeah, I know there was a good year or a better year and a worse year.

0:3:12.720 --> 0:3:20.130
Jenni Geib
Well, I don't wanna take up everyone's time here with this too, but I just wanted to check in about him. I think that we've processed about.

0:3:21.780 --> 0:3:27.910
Jenni Geib
Maybe 8000. Actually we have like 8000 identified so.

0:3:29.30 --> 0:3:30.550
Jenni Geib
I think it's like 15.

0:3:32.10 --> 0:3:32.710
Jenni Geib
I think it's about.

0:3:29.240 --> 0:3:33.580
Droege, Sam
And then so how many are left? Do you remember? It was a big collection.

0:3:33.730 --> 0:3:34.900
Jenni Geib
1700.

0:3:35.820 --> 0:3:39.10
Droege, Sam
OK, alright. And that's both years or just one year?

0:3:40.880 --> 0:3:43.50
Jenni Geib
I think that's just the one year.

0:3:44.650 --> 0:3:48.420
Droege, Sam
OK. And then there was another whole year that we didn't start.

0:3:49.810 --> 0:3:51.640
Droege, Sam
OK, that's that sounds right.

0:3:48.740 --> 0:4:3.340
Jenni Geib
I think so, yeah. So I might just get those that the 2018's and will process them. Maybe I can actually go through these this sequence of videos here and just have folks work on those here.

0:4:23.420 --> 0:4:23.720
Jenni Geib
Mm-hmm.

0:4:4.620 --> 0:4:34.970
Droege, Sam
Well, it would speed up our ID's so you could do that, go through, get an ID that you think is reasonable and then it's faster for us if you know. And this would be generally for people who are working with Mike, myself and Claire and other other folks. You know, if you do ideas before and you're like, so you kind of are confronted like, OK well, Mike or Sam are Claire or someone else is going to look at our specimen. So why bother? Why bother trying to ID these? Because we're, you know, not gonna do it.

0:4:41.20 --> 0:4:41.460
Jenni Geib
Umm.

0:5:1.580 --> 0:5:1.920
Jenni Geib
Yeah.

0:4:35.270 --> 0:5:5.460
Droege, Sam
100% but The thing is is if you do it 9090% or even you know 87% or whatever it puts them in groups, that means it's a lot faster for us to spin through the collections because we don't have, you know with something when you're talking like 20,000 specimens, a lot of the actual time is moving things around. And so there's tricks like some of them you can just put under.

0:5:13.910 --> 0:5:14.110
Jenni Geib
Yeah.

0:5:5.560 --> 0:5:15.550
Droege, Sam
At the box as a whole under the microscope to check. Yes, they are all bombas and patients are like ohh that one comes out. Let me take a look. You know, it kind of depends on the skill level.

0:5:16.350 --> 0:5:18.630
Droege, Sam
Mike, you have any thoughts on on?

0:5:21.290 --> 0:5:21.490
Jenni Geib
Yeah.

0:5:23.780 --> 0:5:24.180
Jenni Geib
Umm.

0:5:17.420 --> 0:5:27.810
Mike Arduser (Guest)
Oh, oh, that's it makes makes all the difference in the world. If they're rough. I just felt rough sorted. If you have. If you've got one box and there's 60 species in it, that's just.

0:5:28.720 --> 0:5:28.980
Droege, Sam
Right.

0:5:28.570 --> 0:5:29.920
Jenni Geib
Yeah, makes sense.

0:5:29.240 --> 0:5:38.610
Mike Arduser (Guest)
But but if it, but yeah, it just cuts the time and half at least and and then you get something out of it because you looked at them and you're that part of the learning thing, you know.

0:5:38.790 --> 0:5:39.110
Droege, Sam
Yeah.

0:5:38.310 --> 0:5:44.160
Jenni Geib
Yeah. Well, we've been able to identify down to family in the past, but we haven't.

0:5:43.840 --> 0:5:44.290
Droege, Sam
Mm-hmm.

0:5:45.180 --> 0:5:51.550
Jenni Geib
Been able to. We haven't taken the time, I guess to be able to identify them to species so.

0:5:54.250 --> 0:5:54.640
Jenni Geib
Mm-hmm.

0:5:58.740 --> 0:5:58.940
Jenni Geib
Yeah.

0:6:2.250 --> 0:6:3.90
Mike Arduser (Guest)
Yeah, yeah.

0:5:51.790 --> 0:6:23.120
Droege, Sam
Yeah, even just to genus or, you know, you know, it's as much as as much as someone can do. Like, we did have our interns and things just Morphos who are, like, sort it by what it looks like. And that really can be super helpful because you do have quite a a range of colors and things that you can look at and sizes that you can look at by eye and and then so generally like the process I think on doing this is like, oh, I've got a huge collection.

0:6:37.540 --> 0:6:38.130
Jenni Geib
Umm.

0:6:42.510 --> 0:6:43.50
Jenni Geib
Mm-hmm.

0:6:23.500 --> 0:6:45.690
Droege, Sam
A bees, we tell. We know our general procedure would be don't start until everything's done, OK? Everything is labeled. And now you have a whole bunch of groups and a bunch of different boxes. And then at that point you do a rough sort by eye into bigger groups, maybe into sorting.

0:6:58.210 --> 0:6:58.790
Jenni Geib
Hmm.

0:7:10.610 --> 0:7:11.70
Jenni Geib
Yeah.

0:6:46.170 --> 0:7:18.420
Droege, Sam
Umm. Sorting sheets. So you just have you just throw a lot. You know you take the boxes and put them into sorting sheets and then but not with like the notion that you're doing a final destination and then with the rough sort, then you take each of the rough sorting groups again. We just use we frankly we use the yard signs and put foam on the back of them. And then now I got like these are all bumblebee looking things and now I'm going to sit in front of that big sheet and I'm going to like.

0:7:21.150 --> 0:7:21.640
Jenni Geib
Umm.

0:7:24.430 --> 0:7:24.870
Jenni Geib
OK.

0:7:32.100 --> 0:7:32.620
Jenni Geib
Yeah.

0:7:18.580 --> 0:7:35.650
Droege, Sam
These things are all the same. These things are all the same. So again, because there's so many different species and it's kind of overwhelming if you just break it down into those kinds of steps, it can go. It's fun and it can go pretty fast and you can have people who really don't know anything.

0:7:47.750 --> 0:7:48.30
Jenni Geib
Umm.

0:7:36.310 --> 0:7:51.930
Droege, Sam
And then the third step would be for a group like yourself or someone else would be to now. Now start looking and seeing if you can do things with genus or species, but the previous ones are just really helpful.

0:7:52.450 --> 0:8:2.960
Jenni Geib
OK. Well, maybe we'll come up and get them and and work out these steps this summer since I'm I'm not teaching this summer so I can come up and get them.

0:8:7.910 --> 0:8:8.200
Jenni Geib
Umm.

0:8:2.660 --> 0:8:9.970
Droege, Sam
OK. Well, you could also come up and maybe spend a couple days and do some of this with you know, right in the lab.

0:8:10.610 --> 0:8:11.110
Jenni Geib
OK.

0:8:12.610 --> 0:8:12.910
Jenni Geib
Yeah.

0:8:10.830 --> 0:8:18.660
Droege, Sam
And that way so that we react really well to people coming in because then we have to pay attention to them so.

0:8:18.850 --> 0:8:20.730
Jenni Geib
OK, I would love to do that actually.

0:8:21.530 --> 0:8:22.100
Jenni Geib
Well, thank you.

0:8:21.90 --> 0:8:24.540
Droege, Sam
Yeah. And then we can, you know, while we're doing things, we can talk and whatnot.

0:8:24.890 --> 0:8:29.570
Jenni Geib
Yeah, that would be great. Thank you. Sam. I don't wanna take up anymore because I'm sure you're.

0:8:28.850 --> 0:8:38.800
Droege, Sam
No, this is a good conversation because it helps us. Mike, you have anymore to add like what you wanna see from people who submit things for you to ID?

0:8:45.230 --> 0:8:45.630
Jenni Geib
Umm.

0:8:39.290 --> 0:8:52.800
Mike Arduser (Guest)
Yeah, you just the simplest thing. All the green ones go together, you know, all the tiny ones go together and and it, even though there might be a lot of species in there, it just makes such a big difference to me.

0:8:52.840 --> 0:8:53.200
Jenni Geib
Mm-hmm.

0:8:53.810 --> 0:8:54.130
Jenni Geib
OK.

0:8:55.660 --> 0:8:56.550
Mike Arduser (Guest)
Saves a lot of time.

0:8:57.710 --> 0:8:58.120
Droege, Sam
OK.

0:8:59.400 --> 0:8:59.970
Jenni Geib
Thank you guys.

0:8:59.590 --> 0:9:0.10
Droege, Sam
Alright.

0:9:0.900 --> 0:9:4.770
Droege, Sam
Good. Thanks, Jenny. Look, I look forward to talking to you and seeing you and your crew.

0:9:5.110 --> 0:9:5.590
Jenni Geib
Yeah.

0:9:6.400 --> 0:9:7.170
Jenni Geib
Sounds great.

0:9:8.20 --> 0:9:11.620
Maffei, Clare J
Barrel asks in the chat. When do you sort by gender? By sex?

0:9:13.900 --> 0:9:23.810
Droege, Sam
Well, I would say that if you're just doing morpho sorting, it kind of depends. So usually there's similarities between the genders.

0:9:25.510 --> 0:9:33.500
Droege, Sam
And if you're really good at eyeballing it, you can just see, though, this is a different thing. And then the males and the females end up into different.

0:9:34.210 --> 0:9:34.740
Droege, Sam
Hearts.

0:9:36.250 --> 0:9:49.260
Droege, Sam
But you know the other part of it is that, like andrina or some of these big ones, the males and the females have separate ID strings, so separating them by gender is useful.

0:9:50.290 --> 0:9:52.640
Droege, Sam
But not as useful as the initial morpho sort.

0:9:54.800 --> 0:9:55.550
Droege, Sam
Make any.

0:9:55.230 --> 0:10:0.300
Mike Arduser (Guest)
Yep. Ohh yeah, completely. You know, things like dilectus osmia.

0:10:2.30 --> 0:10:14.910
Mike Arduser (Guest)
Even Mega, Kylie, I mean, no you can. That's easy to eyeball this sexes. And now I just, you know, knowing that you're gonna have to use different keys. And so I just separate them as early as I can.

0:10:29.210 --> 0:10:29.430
Mike Arduser (Guest)
Yeah.

0:10:30.130 --> 0:10:30.330
Mike Arduser (Guest)
Yep.

0:10:35.910 --> 0:10:36.100
Mike Arduser (Guest)
Yep.

0:10:15.630 --> 0:10:45.470
Droege, Sam
Yeah. When I'm doing ID Si my process is OK. I've got a big collection. Hopefully it's more for sorted and I just start going through it and I just look at by eye everything for the first round and it's like OK, got this. Got this. Got this and I ID them and it's a really nice flow and if I see something like umm, I need to look this up or I need to verify or whatever it gets set aside or it's dirty or something.

0:10:45.630 --> 0:11:11.250
Droege, Sam
A lot of times it's like little messed up, but maybe later and then come back and do those. And before I do those, I have now a big pile of things that need to be done. I'll go through and separate them into by genus and that process helps me with some of The Dirty specimens, because now I've seen a whole pile of good specimens and a lot of times it's a pattern like ohh, that's.

0:11:11.990 --> 0:11:15.900
Droege, Sam
This thing that showed up a lot in the good pile.

0:11:16.750 --> 0:11:17.110
Droege, Sam
And.

0:11:16.710 --> 0:11:18.560
Mike Arduser (Guest)
Yeah, I did the same thing. Yeah.

0:11:18.340 --> 0:11:32.260
Droege, Sam
Yeah, because I again, when I see people just starting out, it would make sense is you know you grab a specimen, it could be a terrible looking specimen and then you spend 2 hours working through guides and stuff and.

0:11:33.850 --> 0:11:56.530
Droege, Sam
That's that's rough. You know, it's better always. I give people a 5 minute rule. Like, if you haven't figured it out in 5 minutes, put it down when you're starting out and do another one and you're gonna come back. We all come back to these things and that way you get to look at fresh things and different characters. Characters show up better and yeah.

0:12:0.310 --> 0:12:1.160
Droege, Sam
All right.

0:12:7.350 --> 0:12:7.720
Mike Arduser (Guest)
OK.

0:12:2.590 --> 0:12:15.30
Droege, Sam
Any so we can come back to you for a full Berta at the end, or if there's a pause, but anyone, maybe we should just say, see if anyone has any questions or cool things to talk about or.

0:12:16.90 --> 0:12:19.490
Droege, Sam
You know something to show a picture or any of that.

0:12:22.720 --> 0:12:23.700
Droege, Sam
Clear anything in?

0:12:22.600 --> 0:12:23.710
Maffei, Clare J
Been through his hand up.

0:12:26.210 --> 0:12:26.610
Droege, Sam
All right.

0:12:29.0 --> 0:12:29.470
Tim McMahon (Guest)
Hey, guys.

0:12:31.330 --> 0:12:33.830
Tim McMahon (Guest)
I have collected. Uh.

0:12:34.940 --> 0:12:38.210
Tim McMahon (Guest)
Some bees on a puncha in southern Georgia.

0:12:40.470 --> 0:12:40.940
Mike Arduser (Guest)
Oh.

0:12:39.30 --> 0:12:42.790
Tim McMahon (Guest)
Super excited assumed they were all melissodes Michelin.

0:12:44.440 --> 0:12:50.890
Tim McMahon (Guest)
And when I ran through the key, it comes down to it's either melissodes, Micheline or Aplicadas.

0:12:52.980 --> 0:12:53.440
Tim McMahon (Guest)
And.

0:12:54.730 --> 0:12:57.460
Tim McMahon (Guest)
All the features I'm looking at say it's aplicadas.

0:12:58.350 --> 0:12:59.850
Tim McMahon (Guest)
The the.

0:13:0.540 --> 0:13:2.470
Tim McMahon (Guest)
The pronotal lobe was definitely got.

0:13:3.190 --> 0:13:4.500
Tim McMahon (Guest)
Two different colored hairs.

0:13:5.240 --> 0:13:19.390
Tim McMahon (Guest)
Which is there's a. There's a couplet in discover life that separates a picadas from mitchelli and everything kind of points to aplicadas. Does anybody have any experience if catching a picadas on a punchy?

0:13:20.50 --> 0:13:21.290
Mike Arduser (Guest)
Never, never heard of it.

0:13:22.340 --> 0:13:22.600
Tim McMahon (Guest)
Yeah.

0:13:22.120 --> 0:13:22.600
Droege, Sam
Yeah.

0:13:23.930 --> 0:13:26.780
Droege, Sam
And so I think I've mitchelli as.

0:13:28.180 --> 0:13:32.30
Droege, Sam
As a sandy, a sand specialist, but.

0:13:32.600 --> 0:13:43.580
Droege, Sam
Umm yeah. So did you go back to La Berge or Mitchell and look at there, where the where? Bye. Bifurcates in their key.

0:13:44.130 --> 0:13:47.720
Tim McMahon (Guest)
I did not go through Mitchell or Laberge. Laberge is.

0:13:46.500 --> 0:13:49.200
Droege, Sam
Yeah, I don't have enough experience with.

0:13:49.40 --> 0:13:49.570
Tim McMahon (Guest)
That's true.

0:13:50.140 --> 0:13:55.840
Droege, Sam
Both of them in my head to tell you what the any other additional things.

0:13:56.110 --> 0:14:2.0
Tim McMahon (Guest)
Yeah, Mitchell is worth going through the Burge is a melissodes is super hard.

0:14:2.920 --> 0:14:3.220
Tim McMahon (Guest)
Umm.

0:14:4.810 --> 0:14:5.560
Droege, Sam
Yeah.

0:14:4.740 --> 0:14:7.270
Tim McMahon (Guest)
I've bought 4 and for other things but yeah.

0:14:8.120 --> 0:14:13.770
Mike Arduser (Guest)
Yeah. I mean, I think the odds are greatly in favor of being Mitchell. I I mean, I can't imagine.

0:14:13.200 --> 0:14:23.740
Tim McMahon (Guest)
That's what I thought too, but I'm just wondering if some of these features that we say are ohh mitchelli has all white hair on the pronotal lobe. Whether that's actually true or not.

0:14:24.480 --> 0:14:24.880
Tim McMahon (Guest)
Umm.

0:14:25.490 --> 0:14:34.800
Mike Arduser (Guest)
I I've learned with with all melissodes the there's enough often enough variation in hair color and enough so you just have to be aware of it in many cases.

0:14:35.120 --> 0:14:36.970
Tim McMahon (Guest)
Yeah, I I hate using.

0:14:52.600 --> 0:14:53.110
Mike Arduser (Guest)
Yeah.

0:14:58.500 --> 0:14:58.810
Tim McMahon (Guest)
Right.

0:14:35.130 --> 0:15:0.650
Droege, Sam
Yeah, there should be something else besides pro noodle lobe color. I would think maybe that's all that's in discover life, but I would think in, you know, at least go to Mitchell and look at where that split is. I mean, there's only a few species in that group that they have that pronotal band, that the abdominal hair band right on the rim. What three species maybe? Or is it 4?

0:15:0.900 --> 0:15:1.720
Tim McMahon (Guest)
I think it's 4.

0:15:6.590 --> 0:15:8.870
Tim McMahon (Guest)
Yeah, the male, the male has ice.

0:15:2.340 --> 0:15:15.410
Droege, Sam
Yeah. So I don't know, maybe gene, gene is, if gene is on, he can look it up for us and threw it into the chat or tell us what it is.

0:15:14.680 --> 0:15:16.840
Tim McMahon (Guest)
Alright, so the mail has a fairly.

0:15:18.210 --> 0:15:26.770
Tim McMahon (Guest)
Well defined yellow clippies, but the upper edge and down along the sides. It's definitely got a black band.

0:15:27.880 --> 0:15:33.130
Tim McMahon (Guest)
And that's another thing in that one couplet that separates it picadas from mitchelli is ohh.

0:15:34.530 --> 0:15:37.110
Tim McMahon (Guest)
Applicata sometimes can be even all black.

0:15:39.440 --> 0:15:39.720
Mike Arduser (Guest)
No.

0:15:37.420 --> 0:15:44.740
Droege, Sam
Right. Yeah. No, that's that's definitely true. I just don't know. Mitchell Mitchell, I enough to know whether it also has.

0:15:45.360 --> 0:15:46.590
Droege, Sam
UMA.

0:15:47.150 --> 0:15:56.320
Droege, Sam
Umm, you know, dark dark sections on the clip because that's unusual too, right? Most most melissodes are all yellow.

0:15:56.830 --> 0:15:57.150
Tim McMahon (Guest)
Right.

0:15:58.400 --> 0:16:0.850
Droege, Sam
Mike, do you know enough about Mitchell?

0:16:5.220 --> 0:16:5.560
Tim McMahon (Guest)
Yeah.

0:15:59.800 --> 0:16:6.390
Mike Arduser (Guest)
No, I don't. I mean that's much that's a that's in my experience, that's a rare bee. Mitsui. It's not. Yeah.

0:16:7.150 --> 0:16:7.620
Tim McMahon (Guest)
I.

0:16:5.430 --> 0:16:14.820
Droege, Sam
Yeah, yeah, I've seen it. I've I've caught it. I think on the in the Sandhills in South Carolina, no records up here.

0:16:13.830 --> 0:16:20.220
Tim McMahon (Guest)
Yeah, I've never thought it in Maryland. I only got it. Well, ohmart to Florida on the on the way down, we stopped in southern Georgia.

0:16:21.380 --> 0:16:22.670
Tim McMahon (Guest)
But did someone on the punch you?

0:16:23.920 --> 0:16:24.970
Droege, Sam
Yeah, I mean.

0:16:26.120 --> 0:16:30.400
Droege, Sam
Right. I mean, I I think of, I mean you've described aplicadas.

0:16:31.260 --> 0:16:31.910
Droege, Sam
So.

0:16:32.630 --> 0:16:39.130
Droege, Sam
It'll be interesting to see, you know, it could be. Maybe there's a marsh next door and it was like just taking a drink, but.

0:16:40.910 --> 0:16:47.790
Droege, Sam
In I I other than that I don't know what to say. I mean we just need to look at Mitchell, see what else they say there. But.

0:16:47.970 --> 0:16:48.900
Tim McMahon (Guest)
OK, alright.

0:16:50.320 --> 0:16:50.890
Tim McMahon (Guest)
Thanks guys.

0:16:51.600 --> 0:16:51.820
Mike Arduser (Guest)
Hey.

0:16:51.510 --> 0:16:59.40
Droege, Sam
Yep, maybe someone else can. Look, look that up and throw it into the chat while we're online. I can incapable of doing that.

0:17:1.770 --> 0:17:2.580
Droege, Sam
On any other.

0:17:1.610 --> 0:17:7.880
Maffei, Clare J
Let's see jeans here. So Eric has his hand up next, and then Madeline has a question from the chat. Go, Eric.

0:17:9.740 --> 0:17:29.880
Beckendorf, Eric - ARS
Hey, guys. Good question. Tim. I'm gonna stick to the melissodes stuff too, Sam and Mike and Claire, I I sent you a couple of months ago now about maculatus mail with the black hairs on his face. Had questions about that. I've been swamped. Haven't got back to it. But my question is how do you guys combine?

0:17:30.590 --> 0:17:41.160
Beckendorf, Eric - ARS
Keys. So Mike has some keys. Uh, discover life has some. Karen Wright uses a few that she's helped me out with. How? How are you guys attempting to bring all the melissodes?

0:17:42.210 --> 0:17:48.60
Beckendorf, Eric - ARS
He is an information together and the one thing I like about Mike's keys is he has little side notes or.

0:17:48.440 --> 0:17:48.790
Mike Arduser (Guest)
The.

0:17:49.400 --> 0:17:49.660
Droege, Sam
Right.

0:17:49.490 --> 0:17:57.360
Beckendorf, Eric - ARS
You know, these might be found in the Midwest or they're a little different colors and stuff like that. How how, how do you guys go about that if it's?

0:17:58.430 --> 0:17:59.160
Droege, Sam
Right. So.

0:17:58.500 --> 0:18:0.970
Beckendorf, Eric - ARS
Capable of discussing that now.

0:18:1.670 --> 0:18:33.510
Droege, Sam
Yeah. So when we started out with the Discover life keys, we basically and still do have the whole national collection. So the idea was to look through Mitchell and other keys and get a sense of, well, what are they using? What are the character sets and then go and directly to the specimens and score them directly for that because, you know, a dichotomous key each time it branches, there's species that may have a character that's useful further down that aren't scored for that now.

0:18:34.60 --> 0:19:3.960
Droege, Sam
So we wanted to get, you know, the the idea with something like discover with discover life there you have a matrix of things you need to score or you would like to score every species for every character but. And so this is what we're doing with mikes keys now too, because he has a A often comes up with different approaches. And Karen too. And so we've already started working with Karen on taking her spreadsheet and.

0:19:4.550 --> 0:19:11.150
Droege, Sam
Putting it into the wording format for discover life and so.

0:19:13.160 --> 0:19:14.140
Droege, Sam
Because so.

0:19:15.280 --> 0:19:37.970
Droege, Sam
Without without the. So we're trying to combine these things more directly, but the other way to think about any of this is to, if you have a species and you're like, I'm not 100% sure and you don't particularly you don't have museum access, is run it through several keys and even within a key, it's a weight of evidence like we were just talking about this.

0:19:38.350 --> 0:19:38.680
Mike Arduser (Guest)
The.

0:19:39.150 --> 0:20:10.880
Droege, Sam
I'm also is Michelle and Applicata are applicata and so you would have to like, OK there. It's kind of it coming out ambiguous or maybe 1 character points One Direction, another character points a different direction. So what else is there? You read the descriptions, you look at pictures, you try other keys and then you have to kind of weegee board this it's not a it's not a straightforward thing. And the last thing I'll say is that so we're taking mikes and some of these are up already. There's a guy named Francis.

0:20:10.960 --> 0:20:41.240
Droege, Sam
One who might be on here and he's disassembling mikes keys backwards and so he's taking Mike's wording and then we acknowledge that this is coming from a like our user key. We put it into the format word format of Discover Life, but it's the same information and most of the time we can incorporate the notes into there. And so that way you have. So the idea with the the matrix keys is you have multiple paths.

0:20:41.380 --> 0:21:11.650
Droege, Sam
So you could just say I'm just using MM's characters, but the nice thing will be as we go along, we'll try and get more and more of the existing keys embedded into discover life. And now you have like many different paths. That formula you would have to go out and look for the literature and you can choose. You can run them in lots of different ways and click things on click things off, that kind of thing. The idea always being.

0:21:11.920 --> 0:21:22.320
Droege, Sam
Never guess. Like I like that character. I'm firm about it. Click it. Not like. Well, if I had to guess, it would be that one that is mistake.

0:21:23.770 --> 0:21:24.250
Droege, Sam
So.

0:21:34.390 --> 0:21:34.690
Droege, Sam
Yeah.

0:21:23.510 --> 0:21:44.640
Beckendorf, Eric - ARS
I think where I ran into the issue was like with the bio maculatus males there you know the majority of them had the white markings on the abdominal segments and it had the yellow face hairs or whitish face hairs and then all of a sudden I found one that had it was completely black, no abdominal white and it was a black.

0:21:47.740 --> 0:21:48.10
Droege, Sam
Yeah.

0:21:45.330 --> 0:21:53.780
Beckendorf, Eric - ARS
Hairs on the clipeus as well and as like well, OK, that looks totally different than the majority of them. What is this thing? And I could never find.

0:21:56.20 --> 0:22:7.450
Beckendorf, Eric - ARS
A couple that are a key that would actually take on an all black bee with even black hairs on the face. So like a side note or something like that. That would be nice, but I mean.

0:22:8.740 --> 0:22:18.830
Beckendorf, Eric - ARS
Does that happen often that there's regional areas that they look a little different, you know, in Maryland as opposed to Missouri as opposed to South Dakota where I live?

0:22:19.320 --> 0:22:22.660
Droege, Sam
Yeah. Mike, you wanna talk about that? Yeah.

0:22:20.20 --> 0:22:30.980
Mike Arduser (Guest)
There's some. There's some truth in that up before I forget, though, if you've got a mail melissodes and it's got some black hairs on the yellow clypeus, the first thing that comes to my mind is responses.

0:22:31.490 --> 0:22:31.820
Droege, Sam
Yeah.

0:22:32.690 --> 0:22:33.50
Mike Arduser (Guest)
I mean.

0:22:33.900 --> 0:22:38.950
Droege, Sam
Well, and is it dental Ventress would have some or not, I can't remember.

0:22:39.250 --> 0:22:40.380
Mike Arduser (Guest)
Can't remember that either actually.

0:22:41.160 --> 0:22:41.610
Droege, Sam
Yeah.

0:22:42.900 --> 0:22:43.890
Mike Arduser (Guest)
So and.

0:22:42.320 --> 0:22:58.770
Droege, Sam
Umm, right. But the sponsors? And they would have a some I think on the clipeus the black is there's black at the upper edge of the clip, you'll suture. So it's not all yellow, is that do I have that right, Mike or am I?

0:23:1.840 --> 0:23:2.740
Droege, Sam
Yeah, long.

0:22:57.740 --> 0:23:3.770
Mike Arduser (Guest)
Uh, yeah. And in F1 and F2 are different ratios than by maculatus. Yeah, yeah.

0:23:3.610 --> 0:23:4.80
Droege, Sam
Mm-hmm.

0:23:4.360 --> 0:23:6.480
Mike Arduser (Guest)
So and you probably would have noticed that or.

0:23:8.40 --> 0:23:8.530
Beckendorf, Eric - ARS
Yeah.

0:23:7.850 --> 0:23:8.870
Mike Arduser (Guest)
But yeah, I mean.

0:23:8.270 --> 0:23:8.960
Droege, Sam
I'll, I'll.

0:23:9.900 --> 0:23:10.490
Mike Arduser (Guest)
I.

0:23:10.260 --> 0:23:17.940
Beckendorf, Eric - ARS
I I think the abdomen with the all black hairs like there's no white, it's throwing me off on all both of those species that you just mentioned.

0:23:16.740 --> 0:23:18.670
Droege, Sam
All what about T1?

0:23:19.700 --> 0:23:21.580
Droege, Sam
Was T1, did it have any white?

0:23:22.670 --> 0:23:28.380
Droege, Sam
First of all, did we respond? I mean did we send back and say what we thought the specimen was, I can't remember.

0:23:29.820 --> 0:23:30.80
Mike Arduser (Guest)
Ohh.

0:23:29.960 --> 0:23:30.340
Droege, Sam
OK.

0:23:32.750 --> 0:23:33.660
Mike Arduser (Guest)
Yeah, yeah.

0:23:33.630 --> 0:23:33.910
Droege, Sam
Yeah.

0:23:46.510 --> 0:23:46.780
Mike Arduser (Guest)
Yeah.

0:23:28.20 --> 0:23:53.520
Beckendorf, Eric - ARS
Yeah, yeah, by maculatus and and Mike, I'm probably just gonna send you some when I send you some more bees. Eventually. If I ever get around to it. But just, I mean, if it is something that's like a a subspecies or, you know, it's it is by maculatus, but it is all black. Then maybe that's a side note that can be put into a key later. So someone like me doesn't run into it. And and yeah, the the two species that you just mentioned that just opened up their.

0:23:54.500 --> 0:24:2.790
Beckendorf, Eric - ARS
Pitchers on discover life and I I don't think I. I mean, it's by maculatus, except it's all black, I mean.

0:24:3.480 --> 0:24:4.150
Mike Arduser (Guest)
Yeah, yeah.

0:24:2.760 --> 0:24:5.870
Droege, Sam
Yeah, they were talking female. Are we talking females or males?

0:24:6.50 --> 0:24:7.210
Beckendorf, Eric - ARS
Male. Male.

0:24:8.360 --> 0:24:8.590
Beckendorf, Eric - ARS
Yeah.

0:24:7.310 --> 0:24:13.440
Droege, Sam
Yeah. Well, males would be all black except for maybe T1.

0:24:14.880 --> 0:24:15.740
Droege, Sam
On the abdomen.

0:24:17.240 --> 0:24:23.730
Beckendorf, Eric - ARS
Well, again, if you look at the photos on discover life, there's a male from Florida and that's why I asked about the regional stuff.

0:24:23.530 --> 0:24:26.60
Droege, Sam
No. Yeah, that is a disc.

0:24:24.650 --> 0:24:30.500
Beckendorf, Eric - ARS
It has. It's a mail. It's obviously a male, but it has white hairs on each segment.

0:24:32.210 --> 0:24:33.890
Droege, Sam
That is a described subspecies.

0:24:35.210 --> 0:24:35.850
Beckendorf, Eric - ARS
Florida is.

0:24:35.640 --> 0:24:37.310
Droege, Sam
What Bella, I think.

0:24:37.840 --> 0:24:38.240
Mike Arduser (Guest)
Yeah.

0:24:43.210 --> 0:24:44.140
Beckendorf, Eric - ARS
Hmm, OK.

0:24:38.70 --> 0:24:48.730
Droege, Sam
Yeah. So there is and I think it might be restricted to southern Florida and often we take pictures of rare things. So it may be distracting to think that that's what.

0:24:49.740 --> 0:25:5.620
Droege, Sam
I mail normally looks like, but most most males I would say are all black with on the abdomen except probably T1 or maybe just part of T1 minute OK could be wrong about that too. Do you know Mike?

0:25:14.710 --> 0:25:15.110
Beckendorf, Eric - ARS
Right.

0:25:14.820 --> 0:25:15.400
Droege, Sam
Umm.

0:25:5.960 --> 0:25:16.670
Mike Arduser (Guest)
Yeah, I mean they do vary, but sometimes there's there's white latterly on some of the more apical Turkey. It's not a lot of it, but sometimes there. And when I look.

0:25:16.810 --> 0:25:28.770
Mike Arduser (Guest)
Ohh, when you look at series of males, I mean they're and they're not all the same, at least in the Midwest. But there's the hair color is just varies a little bit.

0:25:29.550 --> 0:25:30.200
Droege, Sam
Yeah.

0:25:34.770 --> 0:25:35.510
Droege, Sam
Yeah, that'd be good.

0:25:29.970 --> 0:25:36.750
Beckendorf, Eric - ARS
Yeah, I I sent those photos to you. But Mike, I am gonna send you actual specimens just so you can get an actual look at him. So.

0:25:37.620 --> 0:25:37.920
Beckendorf, Eric - ARS
OK.

0:25:34.60 --> 0:25:40.590
Mike Arduser (Guest)
OK. Yeah, that's yeah, that'd be great. So with respect to keys, I the way the way most of.

0:25:41.260 --> 0:25:54.340
Mike Arduser (Guest)
Mine are constructed now is they're kind of weighted so that in a given couplet you the lead character is the most the one that would inspire the most confidence. If you can see it.

0:25:55.30 --> 0:25:58.450
Mike Arduser (Guest)
And then so on down the line. So I try to put two or three.

0:25:59.90 --> 0:26:5.340
Mike Arduser (Guest)
Uh. Characteristics within each couplet, sometimes more.

0:26:7.690 --> 0:26:11.370
Mike Arduser (Guest)
And it's sort of a descending manner and.

0:26:12.970 --> 0:26:13.700
Mike Arduser (Guest)
That helps me.

0:26:14.340 --> 0:26:34.850
Mike Arduser (Guest)
And with all my keys, they're they're continually change. I mean, I'm always messing with them because people, people use them and they ask me questions and they say, well, what does this mean and etcetera, etcetera. So I've had many people use them and that's so I am greatly appreciative of that. And so that's why they get a little better slowly.

0:26:34.950 --> 0:26:38.660
Droege, Sam
Otherwise, it's Mike Ardoz. There's notes to himself.

0:26:38.580 --> 0:26:39.270
Mike Arduser (Guest)
Exactly.

0:26:40.270 --> 0:26:40.810
Mike Arduser (Guest)
Exactly.

0:26:40.320 --> 0:26:51.130
Beckendorf, Eric - ARS
No, I appreciate what you guys do with the the keys and stuff, especially being kind of a rookie here trying to learn them, but yeah, like I said, I got through that key and I was like, this beard is not look like the other one. So yeah.

0:26:52.110 --> 0:26:52.630
Mike Arduser (Guest)
Well, I'm.

0:26:52.120 --> 0:26:54.90
Droege, Sam
I'll tell you. Interesting. Go ahead, Mike.

0:26:57.950 --> 0:26:58.340
Droege, Sam
Yeah.

0:26:54.160 --> 0:26:59.950
Mike Arduser (Guest)
You know, I would say, you know, you never know. He may have something. We just, you know, it's possible so.

0:27:0.800 --> 0:27:15.810
Droege, Sam
I I still haven't resolved this one. I've I put it out to a couple to Mike and a couple other people listen things. But now I'm kind of I think I sent it to Karen, but I'm not sure if I got it back, but I had a female that was all black.

0:27:17.860 --> 0:27:43.250
Droege, Sam
I did not have the two white patches on the rear end, clearly without them, because you know sometimes they are dirty specimen. Will the white patches disappear and I found several of these now and then. There's several other subtle differences. So it's like, OK, this is definitely not by maculatus. And then if you key it through anything, it comes up.

0:27:43.760 --> 0:27:55.220
Droege, Sam
Umm, it doesn't make any sense, but now I'm thinking I'm leaning towards that. It's actually an extremely dark version of Borealis.

0:27:56.790 --> 0:28:1.340
Droege, Sam
So anyway, so we we there's there's plenty of puzzles out there still.

0:28:1.900 --> 0:28:3.80
Mike Arduser (Guest)
Especially in that genus.

0:28:4.490 --> 0:28:4.760
Mike Arduser (Guest)
No.

0:28:4.370 --> 0:28:9.500
Droege, Sam
Yeah, yeah, there's a all those little bontoni fimbriata.

0:28:11.70 --> 0:28:15.530
Droege, Sam
And a couple others that are I struggle with.

0:28:16.830 --> 0:28:18.590
Droege, Sam
But you know, I know I'm in good company.

0:28:22.40 --> 0:28:22.480
Droege, Sam
All right.

0:28:21.650 --> 0:28:23.90
Beckendorf, Eric - ARS
Alright. Thanks guys. Appreciate it.

0:28:23.160 --> 0:28:23.700
Mike Arduser (Guest)
Thanks Eric.

0:28:23.450 --> 0:28:23.770
Droege, Sam
Yeah.

0:28:25.430 --> 0:28:28.160
Maffei, Clare J
So I was really short, really reassuring to know that you guys struggled too.

0:28:29.200 --> 0:28:29.900
Droege, Sam
Honey, we don't.

0:28:30.640 --> 0:28:31.600
Maffei, Clare J
Now, of course not.

0:28:33.20 --> 0:28:34.280
Droege, Sam
Because we're white males.

0:28:37.980 --> 0:28:54.680
Maffei, Clare J
Madeleine asks. I was curious if there's any updates about the conservation status the Bombus pennsylvanicus. I've noticed a surprising amount of them in Mississippi, but I don't know how they are doing in other areas. Also, Gene is on, but unable to look up things.

0:28:55.70 --> 0:28:55.910
Droege, Sam
Ah, too bad.

0:28:55.840 --> 0:28:57.240
Maffei, Clare J
So sad. Very sad.

0:28:56.570 --> 0:28:57.760
Droege, Sam
Oh, he's in his new house.

0:28:58.120 --> 0:28:58.730
Maffei, Clare J
Yes.

0:28:59.70 --> 0:29:5.520
Droege, Sam
So, Claire, do you? I mean, you're Fish and Wildlife and they're running the show, right? Do you have anything or not heard anything?

0:29:6.860 --> 0:29:12.140
Maffei, Clare J
No, I'm. I'm mostly on the rusty patch conversations. Nobody's tapped me for pennsylvanicus yet.

0:29:14.660 --> 0:29:19.710
Maffei, Clare J
So I don't know where we are in terms of like ESA actually getting moved forward.

0:29:20.120 --> 0:29:20.440
Droege, Sam
Yeah.

0:29:27.550 --> 0:29:28.80
Mike Arduser (Guest)
Yeah.

0:29:21.570 --> 0:29:30.370
Droege, Sam
Mikes. What? What's the bombest? Pennsylvania has general status. Look, feel just, you know, observationally Missouri South.

0:29:34.190 --> 0:29:34.670
Droege, Sam
Umm.

0:29:30.720 --> 0:29:40.330
Mike Arduser (Guest)
And the greater Midwest, I always see it, you know, but it when I first started working on bees and Midwest and the in the 80s, it was arguably.

0:29:41.180 --> 0:29:47.840
Mike Arduser (Guest)
You know, based on native prairies, the most common bumblebee, if not maybe it in grizzly calls together and.

0:29:53.890 --> 0:29:54.270
Droege, Sam
Yeah.

0:29:47.910 --> 0:29:55.190
Mike Arduser (Guest)
Now, yeah, boy, I mean, it's way down the list, but you still see it, but it's nowhere near what it used to.

0:30:4.930 --> 0:30:5.230
Droege, Sam
Hmm.

0:29:56.850 --> 0:30:8.40
Mike Arduser (Guest)
I actually saw across Queen yesterday in my backyard was carrying Poland and that's and neck drink from lilacs. That was that's pretty early for pensylvanicus. I got a good look at it.

0:30:7.680 --> 0:30:10.230
Droege, Sam
Yeah, that's that's a weird Bush too.

0:30:10.620 --> 0:30:11.610
Mike Arduser (Guest)
It is, yeah.

0:30:11.60 --> 0:30:13.930
Droege, Sam
You know, I see honey bees on it, but I almost nothing else.

0:30:16.380 --> 0:30:19.330
Droege, Sam
Yeah. So I think the story is it's.

0:30:18.160 --> 0:30:19.460
Maffei, Clare J
Him. You raised your hand.

0:30:20.540 --> 0:30:20.810
Droege, Sam
Maybe.

0:30:23.350 --> 0:30:23.830
Droege, Sam
OK.

0:30:21.810 --> 0:30:24.380
Maffei, Clare J
I, Tim raised his hand when we started talking about this.

0:30:24.770 --> 0:30:28.380
Tim McMahon (Guest)
Yeah, I did not have a I have a different question, not I have nothing on bumble.

0:30:28.400 --> 0:30:29.870
Maffei, Clare J
Uh, OK, well then, never mind.

0:30:28.20 --> 0:30:54.350
Droege, Sam
OK. Well, I'll just. I'll just mention that my impression would be that it's not gonna be an endangered species level species because it is still like, super regular everywhere. We get them here, we're at kind of towards approaching the northern edge of the range and particularly of the range at which they were regular. And we get them at. I have met my house and we get them here at the lab all the time.

0:30:55.470 --> 0:31:27.400
Droege, Sam
He had to the South. That seems to be like they're showing up in all sorts of things and probably at a reduced rate, as are several other species. When you look at the information, it's heavily weighted towards the North because that's where most people are, and that's where most of the bumblebee people are. And they do most of their activities. And clearly the species has retreated from the northern edges of its range, where was marginal to begin with. So I think these pathogens probably are the ones driving it.

0:31:27.540 --> 0:31:49.530
Droege, Sam
Have reduced its ability to maintain populations. You know, it's just they're sicker. So they're gone from big chunks of the interior of the Northeast now. And my sense is they're stable to maybe slightly increasing. But certainly when you go.

0:31:50.410 --> 0:32:12.800
Droege, Sam
Into the the South s s there are all over the place to go to the southwest. You have the Sonoran species subspecies and it's just it's you find it all the time. I naturalist, I think John Asher said it was the 6th most common bee species on which you know it's big, but six most common is pretty big deal.

0:32:17.200 --> 0:32:22.10
Maffei, Clare J
Yeah, my impression is that it's just it's being added to swaps like state wildlife action plans. But.

0:32:22.960 --> 0:32:25.600
Maffei, Clare J
That's the only other thing I have to contribute to the conversation.

0:32:26.170 --> 0:32:28.820
Droege, Sam
Yeah, sometimes those are popularity contests.

0:32:26.980 --> 0:32:37.30
Maffei, Clare J
And Madeline said, you know, there's other people. Joel is saying that on INET, bonus is right behind Impatiens in the southern states. Madeline responds that.

0:32:37.860 --> 0:32:44.530
Maffei, Clare J
It's one of the more common Bombus in their area, pine Forest, Eric sent me a chat that it's one of their top three, so.

0:32:45.880 --> 0:32:49.130
Maffei, Clare J
I guess that's what we all kind of have been unanimous about.

0:32:49.470 --> 0:32:49.770
Droege, Sam
Yeah.

0:32:51.160 --> 0:32:52.0
Droege, Sam
So look.

0:32:52.650 --> 0:32:57.240
Droege, Sam
We'll see what happens, but I I just really don't think it's gonna become an endangered species.

0:33:0.950 --> 0:33:2.370
Maffei, Clare J
Time you want to ask your other question.

0:33:4.940 --> 0:33:9.250
Tim McMahon (Guest)
Love to so down in Florida I.

0:33:10.200 --> 0:33:11.220
Tim McMahon (Guest)
In process.

0:33:11.500 --> 0:33:13.500
Tim McMahon (Guest)
It's the code's Ignatius.

0:33:14.560 --> 0:33:17.500
Tim McMahon (Guest)
Gorgeous. Be very red. Nice.

0:33:18.890 --> 0:33:21.250
Tim McMahon (Guest)
Jump in the middle of the the vertex.

0:33:22.790 --> 0:33:26.220
Tim McMahon (Guest)
You know, I saw that, Mitchell said. It was a subspecies, but.

0:33:27.490 --> 0:33:30.560
Tim McMahon (Guest)
Discover Light says it's a separate species from.

0:33:31.240 --> 0:33:31.890
Mike Arduser (Guest)
Correctly.

0:33:41.0 --> 0:33:41.380
Mike Arduser (Guest)
Yeah.

0:33:32.590 --> 0:33:47.240
Tim McMahon (Guest)
Correctly I and so I started trying to find literature where it separated those two again and I haven't seen that. Is it just holdover from? This is what everyone thought until Mitchell said that and nobody agrees with him or.

0:33:47.270 --> 0:33:48.620
Mike Arduser (Guest)
No, this is my fault.

0:33:49.620 --> 0:33:51.240
Mike Arduser (Guest)
UMI.

0:33:50.690 --> 0:33:51.920
Droege, Sam
Mike is the literature.

0:33:53.420 --> 0:34:1.210
Mike Arduser (Guest)
Yeah, those two are different. They are separate species in places where there are few places along the coast where they overlap, they're both collected together.

0:34:2.100 --> 0:34:6.250
Mike Arduser (Guest)
And and sometimes there's, you know, there are.

0:34:8.180 --> 0:34:26.800
Mike Arduser (Guest)
Forms that are a little darker than red or, but the difference is the the punctation on the fronts of the two species. So basically it's not official, this is it's never been peer reviewed or published that those two are separate species. But just in my experience it's pretty clear to me that they are.

0:34:29.570 --> 0:34:30.340
Tim McMahon (Guest)
To assembly.

0:34:30.60 --> 0:34:30.640
Droege, Sam
Yeah, this.

0:34:33.750 --> 0:34:34.40
Tim McMahon (Guest)
Yeah.

0:34:29.480 --> 0:34:37.970
Mike Arduser (Guest)
So, but they both, but they both have that knob on the top on the vertex, and that's a very obvious character. So immediately and they're very similar in other ways.

0:34:38.310 --> 0:34:39.510
Tim McMahon (Guest)
They're very big too.

0:34:39.840 --> 0:34:40.920
Mike Arduser (Guest)
Yeah, yeah.

0:34:41.230 --> 0:34:41.660
Mike Arduser (Guest)
Ohm.

0:34:42.10 --> 0:34:44.430
Droege, Sam
What's that? What are they? Parasitizing again, pastorum.

0:34:45.90 --> 0:34:45.400
Tim McMahon (Guest)
Yes.

0:34:44.780 --> 0:34:47.540
Mike Arduser (Guest)
As far as I think, that's what we generally consider, yeah.

0:34:47.620 --> 0:34:48.90
Droege, Sam
Mm-hmm.

0:34:47.170 --> 0:34:50.650
Tim McMahon (Guest)
They had to be. There's no there's no lazy gloss out there that's big enough.

0:34:51.330 --> 0:34:52.240
Tim McMahon (Guest)
To produce this.

0:34:53.60 --> 0:34:58.330
Tim McMahon (Guest)
So it is a a new subcodes key coming out at some point.

0:34:59.690 --> 0:35:0.290
Mike Arduser (Guest)
Uh.

0:35:1.950 --> 0:35:11.950
Mike Arduser (Guest)
I keep messing with it. Yeah, I don't know. I don't know what you have. I mean, I have. I can send you some. I'm not sure what's on discover life. I'm not sure if I've.

0:35:16.750 --> 0:35:17.0
Droege, Sam
Yeah.

0:35:12.820 --> 0:35:41.970
Mike Arduser (Guest)
Kind of lost track of all that, but I do have keys to the groups, so I have a group key, so that's so Cody's genius as a whole is comprised of a number of different, for lack of better word, I'll just say subgenera that are very, very distinct and very discreet. And so that's the starting point, at least from my perspective and understanding that genus. And then from there it gets a little easier because instead of this one big mess of sarcodes, you've got discrete groups.

0:35:43.30 --> 0:35:43.300
Tim McMahon (Guest)
Right.

0:35:45.220 --> 0:35:45.520
Tim McMahon (Guest)
Yeah.

0:35:43.190 --> 0:35:46.720
Mike Arduser (Guest)
So I'd be. I'd be happy to send you that group key that would help.

0:35:46.370 --> 0:35:50.340
Tim McMahon (Guest)
I also be interested to know if you're doing any bar coding on that stuff too.

0:35:50.720 --> 0:35:59.990
Mike Arduser (Guest)
I am not, but they got people in Canada have and they've the fact they did it quite some time ago and I don't think there was anything too surprising that came out of it.

0:36:0.310 --> 0:36:0.950
Tim McMahon (Guest)
Good, good.

0:36:1.780 --> 0:36:2.40
Tim McMahon (Guest)
Right.

0:36:0.770 --> 0:36:5.720
Droege, Sam
Umm to a backed up the general. Your general notion of what our species and things.

0:36:4.250 --> 0:36:6.110
Mike Arduser (Guest)
I think so, yeah, yeah.

0:36:17.540 --> 0:36:20.50
Mike Arduser (Guest)
Yeah, I love. Those are. Yeah. Yeah, yeah.

0:36:6.420 --> 0:36:20.350
Droege, Sam
Yeah. I mean, it's still it's still one of the tricky groups. You know, you get into some of that kludgy stuff down there in the, you know, crysania Coronas, atlantica, and.

0:36:21.130 --> 0:36:21.520
Droege, Sam
It.

0:36:23.480 --> 0:36:23.920
Droege, Sam
Yeah.

0:36:20.700 --> 0:36:24.40
Mike Arduser (Guest)
You almost need comparative material to really understand those little ones.

0:36:25.460 --> 0:36:29.310
Tim McMahon (Guest)
Well, I'm hoping to start up some barcoding stuff in Sam's lab.

0:36:30.70 --> 0:36:30.800
Mike Arduser (Guest)
Ohh good.

0:36:30.420 --> 0:36:31.760
Tim McMahon (Guest)
In the near future.

0:36:30.340 --> 0:36:32.590
Droege, Sam
Yeah, and in right.

0:36:33.280 --> 0:36:37.600
Droege, Sam
That we've inspired, Tim because he's a chemical engineer. Come on.

0:36:37.990 --> 0:36:38.190
Tim McMahon (Guest)
Yeah.

0:36:38.30 --> 0:36:40.200
Mike Arduser (Guest)
Ah, good.

0:36:39.860 --> 0:36:42.350
Tim McMahon (Guest)
Yeah. And Dan said he'd be able to help too, so.

0:36:42.850 --> 0:36:44.490
Droege, Sam
And he's retiring so.

0:36:44.680 --> 0:36:44.900
Tim McMahon (Guest)
Yeah.

0:36:46.0 --> 0:36:46.500
Tim McMahon (Guest)
Alright guys.

0:36:46.170 --> 0:36:47.680
Droege, Sam
That'll be. That'll be so awesome.

0:36:49.510 --> 0:36:50.420
Mike Arduser (Guest)
Text text Jen.

0:36:49.220 --> 0:36:51.60
Droege, Sam
All right, yeah.

0:36:54.350 --> 0:36:57.160
Droege, Sam
So do we have anything else? And on the docket clear.

0:36:59.130 --> 0:37:3.840
Maffei, Clare J
Nothing else in the chat right now and I just looked through the keys that I have.

0:37:6.20 --> 0:37:10.920
Maffei, Clare J
Of yours, Mike and I don't have anything. Spicy hoodies oriented in our files.

0:37:11.10 --> 0:37:11.940
Mike Arduser (Guest)
OK, OK.

0:37:11.600 --> 0:37:16.250
Maffei, Clare J
So if you did want to send those, I can get them out to everybody.

0:37:18.730 --> 0:37:22.560
Maffei, Clare J
Anybody else want to jump in with question? We got like 20 more minutes. Joel, your hands up.

0:37:25.430 --> 0:37:46.750
Joel Neylon
I'm curious if anyone has done anything looking at natural land divisions and B ranges in Illinois. I noted that the Zollicoffer virginica sightings dry up right on the Northeastern Moraine. Will division and the Rock River Hill Country division as just curious if?

0:37:47.500 --> 0:37:53.370
Joel Neylon
That had been noted anywhere else. It seems kind of odd, since that's a generalist and doesn't nest underground, but.

0:37:54.670 --> 0:37:55.120
Joel Neylon
Curious.

0:37:55.970 --> 0:38:3.80
Mike Arduser (Guest)
Well, yeah, this doesn't pertain to your particular xylocopa case, but in Missouri.

0:38:3.820 --> 0:38:25.250
Mike Arduser (Guest)
We're doing a ton of that and and trying to understand, you know what, what are the Ozark bees? What are the Mississippi lowland species, what are the southwestern western Prairie bees? And there are definite differences and it's and we've collected. We've been doing this for now 30 years or more. And so we feel pretty confident that these.

0:38:27.690 --> 0:38:39.230
Mike Arduser (Guest)
Separations of some of these species into the natural divisions of the state are real, and why wouldn't they be? I mean it pertains to plants and other groups as well, so, but there of course there are species.

0:38:39.320 --> 0:38:52.840
Mike Arduser (Guest)
Like this? Like this? Like Boston dressings that are everywhere and they don't seem to have any ecological limits or boundaries. They just are very adept. They're just super generalist. Then they can deal with anything seemingly.

0:38:54.680 --> 0:38:55.30
Mike Arduser (Guest)
I don't know.

0:38:54.490 --> 0:39:25.180
Droege, Sam
Yeah, it'll be interesting to see your Missouri stuff because you're, you know, you have all several different biomes kind of colliding there. Whereas in Maryland, where we're doing the same thing, it's a lot cleaner. Right? Ocean E Coastal plain, Chesapeake Bay, another coastal plain, Piedmont mountains plateau, all in a line. And Oh my God, almost everything. Although you're right somewhere, you ubiquitous, but almost everything is either has some really clean cut lines.

0:39:34.30 --> 0:39:34.450
Mike Arduser (Guest)
Yeah.

0:39:41.500 --> 0:39:41.710
Mike Arduser (Guest)
That.

0:39:25.500 --> 0:39:58.250
Droege, Sam
And or you could say, well, you know, scattered records on the Eastern Shore, but primarily West of the fall line, that kind of stuff. So it really shows up what the drivers are. You know, we can speculate sometimes, but a lot of times it's not super clear and what we'll see is like it's a coastal plain one. But then if you jump over to like the Hagerstown Valley in the bottom there, you might pick up another string of them because that's a similar habitat.

0:39:59.720 --> 0:40:0.70
Mike Arduser (Guest)
So.

0:39:59.230 --> 0:40:0.260
Droege, Sam
So it's.

0:40:1.30 --> 0:40:2.340
Droege, Sam
Yeah, really interesting.

0:40:1.680 --> 0:40:15.890
Mike Arduser (Guest)
Yeah. So, Joel, we there's been a whole lot of collecting and southern Illinois in the last 10 years by a bunch of different people. And there are a lot of what I'll just call Southeastern species that are have shown up there.

0:40:16.670 --> 0:40:31.240
Mike Arduser (Guest)
And I, you know, asked me to Libya lazy gloss, some krebber, Ryman and others that we had. We had no idea where it's under Southern Illinois and the same holds for Southeastern Missouri this there's this kind of a Mississippi embayment.

0:40:32.940 --> 0:40:41.80
Mike Arduser (Guest)
Group that come up from the Gulf Coast basically and come up the river and the bottom lands along the river. And that's that's where you find them.

0:40:42.130 --> 0:40:42.450
Droege, Sam
Yeah.

0:40:45.540 --> 0:40:45.770
Mike Arduser (Guest)
Yeah.

0:40:43.130 --> 0:40:54.500
Droege, Sam
Yeah, and it makes sense. Like Southern Illinois on glaciated Hill Country, really super different than all those till planes and glaciated soils to the north.

0:40:55.230 --> 0:41:3.600
Droege, Sam
Umm. And you know the the is it? You know, you just have to ask like, OK, well what what's the plant group that really?

0:41:4.330 --> 0:41:6.670
Droege, Sam
Creates those boundaries sometimes and it's.

0:41:7.400 --> 0:41:8.80
Droege, Sam
Not clear.

0:41:8.820 --> 0:41:20.300
Droege, Sam
More plant stuff needs to be done, but you know it's a start. I and a couple of these places, we're just getting enough information to be able to start delineating patterns at like the birders have known for years.

0:41:25.200 --> 0:41:25.450
Joel Neylon
It.

0:41:24.960 --> 0:41:26.20
Mike Arduser (Guest)
Good, good, good.

0:41:28.890 --> 0:41:30.150
Mike Arduser (Guest)
Ah ohh yeah.

0:41:24.680 --> 0:41:46.430
Droege, Sam
Which reminds me of Userra full the herta, right? So I don't know much about it, but that I've talked to Catherine Perris and and then Coleman Little. And it sounds like it's a swamp species. And so you might get it. Pick it up in in southeastern Missouri at some point.

0:41:47.390 --> 0:41:48.930
Droege, Sam
Now you have ohh OK.

0:41:45.900 --> 0:41:51.730
Mike Arduser (Guest)
Yeah, we have. We have. Yeah, yeah, we've. And in a wooded swamp. Yep. And.

0:41:51.560 --> 0:41:53.150
Droege, Sam
Uh, and what's its food source?

0:41:58.140 --> 0:41:58.390
Droege, Sam
Yeah.

0:41:53.330 --> 0:42:0.260
Mike Arduser (Guest)
Well, it's been collecting in this, you know, it's kind of an uncommon. It's been collected a lot of different things and we don't.

0:42:0.940 --> 0:42:3.650
Mike Arduser (Guest)
Uh, Coleman thought that there were some.

0:42:9.630 --> 0:42:10.830
Droege, Sam
No. Yeah.

0:42:4.800 --> 0:42:15.730
Mike Arduser (Guest)
Styrax grains in the scope of it, we don't know. We don't know yet. I mean, all those other use are generalists. For the most part. So I don't know why this one wouldn't be, but if you live in a swamp.

0:42:23.960 --> 0:42:24.550
Mike Arduser (Guest)
Yeah.

0:42:14.560 --> 0:42:26.600
Droege, Sam
Right. Well, they're generalists, but they're, but they are long Corolla generalists, right? So they're on Buckeye and Fensterman. I mean that's the leaning is towards things with long tubes.

0:42:27.510 --> 0:42:28.150
Mike Arduser (Guest)
Relatively.

0:42:27.400 --> 0:42:29.650
Droege, Sam
And they're not dinking around with Asteraceae.

0:42:31.150 --> 0:42:31.620
Droege, Sam
Mostly.

0:42:31.990 --> 0:42:33.100
Mike Arduser (Guest)
Right, right, right.

0:42:34.440 --> 0:42:36.840
Droege, Sam
Clovers, fabreeze that kind of stuff.

0:42:37.700 --> 0:42:38.250
Droege, Sam
Yeah.

0:42:41.160 --> 0:42:46.880
Droege, Sam
Any other, so we're, you know, we're always interested in hearing people's cool things they found so.

0:42:47.920 --> 0:42:55.730
Droege, Sam
Let's hear it. Let's hear, like, ohh. I found you know. Just tell us. Like, ohh. We found this really cool new state record or something along those lines. And.

0:42:58.480 --> 0:42:58.900
Droege, Sam
You know.

0:42:59.690 --> 0:43:1.30
Droege, Sam
Bring out. Bring them out.

0:43:4.860 --> 0:43:5.170
Mike Arduser (Guest)
Ohh.

0:43:4.890 --> 0:43:5.170
Droege, Sam
Umm.

0:43:5.620 --> 0:43:7.810
Maffei, Clare J
This is the usera that they're talking about.

0:43:8.560 --> 0:43:9.560
Droege, Sam
Nice.

0:43:11.410 --> 0:43:11.910
Droege, Sam
Yeah.

0:43:8.20 --> 0:43:13.90
Mike Arduser (Guest)
I mean, if if that is in the as it's a gorgeous thing, you know, and of course it's in perfect condition.

0:43:14.130 --> 0:43:14.510
Droege, Sam
Right.

0:43:18.760 --> 0:43:19.10
Droege, Sam
Hmm.

0:43:14.270 --> 0:43:20.520
Mike Arduser (Guest)
But and then there's no pollen in the scope, and he didn't wash it or anything. So far they know. So I'd just the way, that's just the way it.

0:43:21.320 --> 0:43:24.950
Mike Arduser (Guest)
But I mean it's I mean, what's not to like about that creature, you know?

0:43:27.890 --> 0:43:28.590
Maffei, Clare J
You're pretty.

0:43:30.820 --> 0:43:31.30
Mike Arduser (Guest)
No.

0:43:25.210 --> 0:43:37.460
Droege, Sam
Right. Look at that big, that big honkin nose on the Clippy. It's all coming out there. That's a really good sign. In addition to just being a spring bee that you might be looking at a use for a.

0:43:38.40 --> 0:43:47.770
Mike Arduser (Guest)
And this is one in the field you know from, you know, 20 feet away. You know it's gonna be so it's a good one to good to search for if you're in the southern part of the US.

0:43:53.670 --> 0:43:54.870
Mike Arduser (Guest)
Right, yeah.

0:43:55.770 --> 0:43:56.100
Mike Arduser (Guest)
There.

0:43:48.360 --> 0:44:1.720
Droege, Sam
Right. But you know, despite like it would be the thing that everyone would collect, but it's actually very uncommon and collections. So it can't be a common thing or it's common. But where people don't go like wooded swamps.

0:44:2.290 --> 0:44:2.890
Mike Arduser (Guest)
Right.

0:44:4.10 --> 0:44:5.940
Mike Arduser (Guest)
Yeah, yeah, those are.

0:44:5.270 --> 0:44:6.840
Droege, Sam
Yeah, maybe it's. Uh-huh.

0:44:7.210 --> 0:44:10.670
Mike Arduser (Guest)
Yeah. Those Arkansas guys are doing some some pretty.

0:44:16.580 --> 0:44:16.860
Droege, Sam
Oh.

0:44:16.940 --> 0:44:18.950
Droege, Sam
Yeah, I saw that one too, yeah.

0:44:11.440 --> 0:44:19.970
Mike Arduser (Guest)
Good. Collecting down there, all kinds of and during that quite try Questa showed up which you know. Yeah, that was like, huh?

0:44:20.700 --> 0:44:21.340
Mike Arduser (Guest)
That was cool.

0:44:23.200 --> 0:44:23.570
Mike Arduser (Guest)
So.

0:44:24.180 --> 0:44:24.520
Droege, Sam
Yeah.

0:44:25.80 --> 0:44:25.770
Mike Arduser (Guest)
And stuff the mark.

0:44:25.290 --> 0:44:55.420
Droege, Sam
If you look, there's all kinds of. I mean, if Maryland theoretically it was well covered by the people at the National Museum, who would go out all the time on trains and, you know, they were top of the game and have quite a a thing. But we've added many, many more new species to what they've added. And it'll be once we actually database all their records, it's gonna be an interesting comparison. And I.

0:44:55.520 --> 0:44:59.630
Droege, Sam
And a bit of an insight into like Ohh our Arby's declining.

0:45:0.300 --> 0:45:6.870
Droege, Sam
You know, because we'll we act in a very similar way to them, which is we're trying to hunt down rare things.

0:45:31.470 --> 0:45:31.740
Mike Arduser (Guest)
Yeah.

0:45:7.600 --> 0:45:37.550
Droege, Sam
Umm, because that's what we like to do. Tim is a part of that gang who has found several new crazy species and Maryland by, you know, looking at the literature, paying attention to what's in the field. Like there's something different on a something different flower and then targeting things like sand barrens and different species of plants that are known to have specialists. And if you're interested in.

0:45:37.640 --> 0:45:58.670
Droege, Sam
And conservation of bees, then, that's what you do, right? Because the bees that are in soybean fields and in suburbs and and, you know, the average place are not things we need to worry about compared to use revolver Herta and Khalidi, ciliatus and stuff like that.

0:46:2.940 --> 0:46:4.710
Maffei, Clare J
Back on the DNA barcoding.

0:46:6.960 --> 0:46:10.380
Maffei, Clare J
Whole another chat. Is anybody doing melissodes barcoding?

0:46:14.170 --> 0:46:14.510
Mike Arduser (Guest)
Don't know.

0:46:13.940 --> 0:46:15.860
Droege, Sam
I think Karen worked.

0:46:16.660 --> 0:46:24.990
Droege, Sam
With barcoding. But she's never. I don't think she's published really her work and I, but I think her.

0:46:26.330 --> 0:46:29.350
Droege, Sam
Her dissertation is out there, but I haven't.

0:46:30.10 --> 0:46:31.660
Droege, Sam
I don't know that I've looked at it.

0:46:34.220 --> 0:46:35.160
Droege, Sam
Make of you do you know?

0:46:36.940 --> 0:46:37.380
Droege, Sam
Yeah.

0:46:34.970 --> 0:46:37.860
Mike Arduser (Guest)
No, I I do not know. You know, I haven't heard of anybody.

0:46:38.460 --> 0:46:43.650
Droege, Sam
Well, she's back in the taxonomy game up in university, or I think University of Washington, so.

0:46:44.460 --> 0:46:45.610
Droege, Sam
That would be a good one.

0:46:46.530 --> 0:46:48.190
Hesler, Louis - REE-ARS
Yeah. Hi, this is Louis.

0:46:49.350 --> 0:46:50.980
Hesler, Louis - REE-ARS
We had sent some bees to Karen.

0:46:52.150 --> 0:46:58.150
Hesler, Louis - REE-ARS
And she she got to a point where she didn't believe her own ID S and then suggested that.

0:46:59.970 --> 0:47:10.40
Hesler, Louis - REE-ARS
Do a few DNA barcodes, but I don't know who's doing that. So she was looking at things like Limbus and a famosis and humiliator some stuff, but she got.

0:47:10.820 --> 0:47:14.250
Hesler, Louis - REE-ARS
To a point where she just wasn't sure. Uh, I think based on.

0:47:15.980 --> 0:47:16.320
Droege, Sam
Yeah.

0:47:15.700 --> 0:47:19.680
Hesler, Louis - REE-ARS
Just some ambiguity and the characters and she didn't necessarily believe that.

0:47:20.390 --> 0:47:25.440
Hesler, Louis - REE-ARS
Uh, geographic distributions with one or two of them didn't think should occur up here in South Dakota.

0:47:26.270 --> 0:47:37.650
Hesler, Louis - REE-ARS
So she suggested she's the one that suggested submitting them to DNA barcodes, but I don't. I don't know who's doing that and do a few specimens, something we'd like to kind of pursue on some of these kind of tough.

0:47:38.200 --> 0:47:38.530
Droege, Sam
Yeah.

0:47:38.210 --> 0:47:40.660
Hesler, Louis - REE-ARS
You know, for cryptic morphospecies kind of things.

0:48:5.410 --> 0:48:5.750
Mike Arduser (Guest)
The.

0:47:41.430 --> 0:48:13.430
Droege, Sam
Well, hopefully Tim will be setting that up and that's the idea is to, I think with Tim and his to mostly be looking at these tough to ID things. So milestones is kind of a good example. When I look at the collection at the Natural History Museum, you know there's a bunch of Wally Laberge, things and other things. And sometimes there's some situations where I'm like, are these right, you know? So we often, like Karen would be in the same boat. She would take material that.

0:48:13.970 --> 0:48:28.720
Droege, Sam
She thought was identified correctly to be the base of her understanding on species separation things, but if there's multiple species involved, or the person's concept was doing, the ID was.

0:48:30.160 --> 0:48:45.410
Droege, Sam
Different from someone else's. You know you. You build in what we've got right now and and ambiguity. And because we don't have that DNA barcode, we can't quite say, OK, well, this is variation, this is incorrect.

0:48:46.240 --> 0:48:49.730
Droege, Sam
Until you know, you look at it more.

0:48:51.680 --> 0:48:52.680
Droege, Sam
And that's, you know.

0:49:2.690 --> 0:49:2.980
Mike Arduser (Guest)
The.

0:48:53.390 --> 0:49:9.120
Droege, Sam
Mikes probably got the same thing because he's right in there and he'd be good to send those same specimens to, I would think because he's had a lot of experience looking like Mike. You've looked at Dakota's material in Minnesota material fairly regularly, right?

0:49:9.570 --> 0:49:13.210
Mike Arduser (Guest)
Yeah, yeah. And and more southern stuff too, Arkansas and.

0:49:13.860 --> 0:49:14.240
Droege, Sam
Great.

0:49:13.860 --> 0:49:19.20
Mike Arduser (Guest)
But you mentioned melissodes female ISIS, and that was one for a long time that just.

0:49:25.890 --> 0:49:26.410
Droege, Sam
Hmm.

0:49:20.610 --> 0:49:32.620
Mike Arduser (Guest)
I I just wasn't sure what it was, but I feel pretty. You know, I've seen enough now from around I think. I think I have a pretty good idea of what it is and they do average small smaller. You know what that in itself of course is.

0:49:33.530 --> 0:49:35.80
Mike Arduser (Guest)
Too valuable, but.

0:49:36.130 --> 0:49:36.320
Droege, Sam
Right.

0:49:35.870 --> 0:49:37.190
Mike Arduser (Guest)
Yeah, I I'd be happy to look.

0:49:39.570 --> 0:49:40.640
Mike Arduser (Guest)
This is true, yeah.

0:49:40.240 --> 0:49:40.690
Hesler, Louis - REE-ARS
Yeah.

0:49:42.30 --> 0:49:42.490
Hesler, Louis - REE-ARS
Alright.

0:49:37.120 --> 0:49:50.740
Droege, Sam
It can be valuable when you have huge numbers, right? If you have an actual collection and you can start laying these out, that's useful and saying ohh see that that one's standing out as being too big or something.

0:49:51.50 --> 0:49:51.700
Mike Arduser (Guest)
Yeah, yeah.

0:49:52.450 --> 0:49:52.870
Hesler, Louis - REE-ARS
OK.

0:49:52.480 --> 0:49:52.890
Droege, Sam
But.

0:49:58.120 --> 0:49:58.710
Beryl Jones
Sure.

0:49:53.140 --> 0:49:59.140
Maffei, Clare J
Barrel. Do you wanna jump in and say what you said in the chat? It's getting set up for DNA barcoding at your lab.

0:49:59.630 --> 0:50:0.920
Beryl Jones
Yeah, hi. Can everyone hear me?

0:50:1.440 --> 0:50:1.690
Mike Arduser (Guest)
Yep.

0:50:17.920 --> 0:50:18.580
Droege, Sam
If you do something.

0:50:22.880 --> 0:50:24.310
Droege, Sam
What is that exactly?

0:50:29.900 --> 0:50:30.140
Droege, Sam
Both.

0:50:2.210 --> 0:50:31.680
Beryl Jones
Yeah. So I I'm starting to lab at University of Kentucky this summer, and I've been doing DNA barcoding in Sarah Cookers Lab at Princeton, and I have a protocol that works for all of the bees that we've tried so far. We of course focus on halictid, but we've done it with other views as well. And I hope to get that going in my lab. And we primarily rely on the bold database for our sort of reference sequences. So as long as the species is in the bold database, it should work.

0:50:33.180 --> 0:50:33.620
Droege, Sam
That too.

0:50:32.100 --> 0:50:40.190
Beryl Jones
So I'd be open to maybe helping with that, but also the the protocol that we use is very similar to some published ones. So there's no really secret sauce.

0:50:41.440 --> 0:50:42.30
Droege, Sam
I can't hear you.

0:50:42.530 --> 0:50:42.750
Beryl Jones
Yeah.

0:50:54.710 --> 0:50:55.20
Beryl Jones
Mm-hmm.

0:50:43.70 --> 0:51:12.200
Droege, Sam
When you're when you're doing that work, so, and that's great because we need more of those kinds of things and you're in Kentucky, which is sort of a, you know, a black hole for a lot of distribution information and is also attention zone between Prairie and Western and mountain. But you know what I've seen and working with people who have the DNA. I don't do it, but is like, OK, well, you grab some of the bold data you grab from the GenBank.

0:51:12.330 --> 0:51:42.830
Droege, Sam
And you look at your strings and then try and lay out the specimens too, and a lot of times that, you know, it's the combo. And then you realize ohh, the one from bold may not have been identified correctly initially and that's a big problem because the the only vetting is that, you know, I said it was or someone said it was this thing and if it's melissodes you know grain of salt on all of this that.

0:51:46.970 --> 0:51:47.270
Beryl Jones
Right.

0:51:43.120 --> 0:51:57.190
Droege, Sam
Your material from bold is correctly ideed most of the mostly it is, but it's a. It's a really, you know, it's a fun puzzle we all have to do that when we're looking at distributions too. It's like, I don't think I believe that record.

0:51:57.490 --> 0:51:57.860
Beryl Jones
Umm.

0:51:58.310 --> 0:51:58.720
Droege, Sam
You know.

0:51:59.450 --> 0:52:11.240
Beryl Jones
Yeah. So we've noticed often there are several 100% matches and you can look at the source of who put the the you know the sequence in the database and we trust some more than others.

0:52:11.600 --> 0:52:12.140
Droege, Sam
Mm-hmm.

0:52:13.790 --> 0:52:27.560
Beryl Jones
You know, depending on the species, it's very, very clear that, you know, a number of experts have said it's all the same species and it's 100% identical match and the next best match is much, much lower, you know, 97%.

0:52:28.880 --> 0:52:29.180
Droege, Sam
That's.

0:52:39.800 --> 0:52:40.150
Droege, Sam
Create.

0:52:45.380 --> 0:52:45.670
Droege, Sam
Yeah.

0:52:54.650 --> 0:52:55.220
Droege, Sam
I don't want to.

0:52:27.800 --> 0:52:58.870
Beryl Jones
And I don't trust a lot of the blast like NCBI sequences that are there I trust build more and you can sort of tell it that you want only high quality sequences included. And there are some exceptions of unpublished sequences where you can't see the source, but usually you can see in bold who put it in there. So if I see that Sam Drugi put it in there, then I have a little bit more confidence that it's probably a correct ID and better than I can do. So yeah, there are limitations of course, but.

0:52:58.960 --> 0:53:3.800
Beryl Jones
It works. The technique works well and it's, you know, another data point to help.

0:53:4.460 --> 0:53:29.390
Droege, Sam
Yeah, here's one I keep. There's one of my favorites to throw out. Alga. Chlorella. Orada. I think there's two things in there, and I think I was talking with Laurence. And so I think I have a set of morphological things that separate them, but I think I shared this with Mike. I don't know what he thinks of it, but the I think Lawrence said there were two kind of clades in the.

0:53:30.190 --> 0:53:48.890
Droege, Sam
In Algeria, Chlorella Orada, also around the periphery of algae, chlorella, orada, or a bunch of tricksters. You know, in this gratiola and you know, persimilis, that can sneak in there. But anyway, I think there's, I think there is.

0:53:49.560 --> 0:54:0.490
Droege, Sam
Compared to all the old remember there, there are these old papers where they would take the proposal characters and divide them into a million different things from the 60s even, and I think some of that is actually.

0:54:2.240 --> 0:54:2.640
Beryl Jones
Umm.

0:54:1.350 --> 0:54:4.840
Droege, Sam
Real anyway, that's one of my favorite ones.

0:54:30.710 --> 0:54:31.200
Droege, Sam
Shoot.

0:54:3.440 --> 0:54:33.510
Beryl Jones
Well, I related to the agricultural arata. Last year, someone in my lab collected some nests, and the puppy in some of the nests were auto chlorosis puppy and we've never seen this before, and we're looking for more now. So if you know of some nesting aggregations of Agricola errata, we are on the hunt. We found a few in Princeton, but the IT was in Ithaca, NY, and he collected all of the nest contents, and we sequenced them.

0:54:33.800 --> 0:54:37.730
Beryl Jones
And then turned out that the the puppy were not errata.

0:54:38.590 --> 0:54:40.240
Droege, Sam
All of them are just some of them.

0:54:40.400 --> 0:54:41.110
Beryl Jones
Some of them.

0:54:42.170 --> 0:54:46.540
Droege, Sam
Wow, so like algo chlorosis might be like a sneaky sneaky thing.

0:54:46.810 --> 0:54:53.70
Beryl Jones
We don't know and we don't know if it was, you know, just very random. But there were adults ago, Chlorella there.

0:54:53.530 --> 0:54:53.810
Droege, Sam
Yeah.

0:54:56.330 --> 0:54:56.600
Droege, Sam
Hmm.

0:54:53.730 --> 0:55:0.210
Beryl Jones
Umm, in the same nest. So I yeah, it very interesting. If anyone else sees that, we'd be curious to hear.

0:55:1.670 --> 0:55:3.870
Droege, Sam
Yeah. I don't even know what to think about that.

0:55:5.720 --> 0:55:6.490
Droege, Sam
But that's cool.

0:55:19.900 --> 0:55:20.370
Droege, Sam
Umm.

0:55:5.550 --> 0:55:20.640
Beryl Jones
I mean I I guess, I guess it could be wrong, but they they didn't align to the genome and then we like looked at their set of peroxidase sequence and it matched to autocrosses Metallica, which now might actually be very doula. This was a couple years ago.

0:55:21.290 --> 0:55:23.60
Beryl Jones
But yeah, there's an angular opsis.

0:55:21.320 --> 0:55:26.630
Droege, Sam
Yeah, MM knows, but I think Virgilia is what people would call fogeda.

0:55:26.990 --> 0:55:27.720
Mike Arduser (Guest)
The old days.

0:55:27.620 --> 0:55:30.110
Droege, Sam
In the past or the recent past?

0:55:30.540 --> 0:55:30.910
Beryl Jones
OK.

0:55:32.40 --> 0:55:32.340
Mike Arduser (Guest)
Right.

0:55:35.120 --> 0:55:35.410
Mike Arduser (Guest)
Right.

0:55:30.840 --> 0:55:38.200
Droege, Sam
Right. Mike and Metallica retained its its name, and it's the deep blue one. I think of it as deep blue.

0:55:44.480 --> 0:55:44.970
Droege, Sam
Oh great.

0:55:38.610 --> 0:55:53.80
Beryl Jones
OK. Yeah. So what we had, which we actually sent to Hawaii for the the bee known project with the USDA at that time when we sent it, we thought it was Metallica. But Zach thinks it's probably, did you say vigila? Is that how you pronounce it?

0:55:52.450 --> 0:55:53.760
Mike Arduser (Guest)
Yeah, yeah, yeah.

0:55:54.450 --> 0:55:54.730
Beryl Jones
Yeah.

0:55:53.610 --> 0:55:59.40
Droege, Sam
Umm, that's a more common B and particularly up in Ithaca then Metallica.

0:56:1.610 --> 0:56:1.870
Mike Arduser (Guest)
Uh-huh.

0:56:0.670 --> 0:56:2.350
Droege, Sam
Elk, who knows?

0:56:6.280 --> 0:56:6.960
Droege, Sam
Yeah.

0:55:58.40 --> 0:56:7.690
Beryl Jones
Well, it was the puppy that we we sent. So it's this maybe parasitic autoclear opsis situation. So yeah, if you hear about that, that would be fun.

0:56:8.530 --> 0:56:8.980
Droege, Sam
Well.

0:56:10.50 --> 0:56:13.530
Droege, Sam
Gosh, thinking about their legs, right, if their parasitic.

0:56:14.200 --> 0:56:22.350
Droege, Sam
You would think that they have really reduced scope and those other kinds of things, and I don't, I don't know. I don't think that.

0:56:22.20 --> 0:56:31.0
Beryl Jones
I mean, I think it had to be sort of like an opportunistic rare event, but I guess you know not that many nests have been dug up. So maybe it's not as rare.

0:56:29.800 --> 0:56:37.650
Droege, Sam
Maybe it's maybe it's parasitic on the tunnel building, like ohh you do all the work making the tunnel. I'm moving in. I'm gonna do a little apartment over here.

0:56:37.870 --> 0:56:38.610
Beryl Jones
Uh, maybe.

0:56:40.650 --> 0:56:41.580
Droege, Sam
Yeah, fun.

0:56:43.840 --> 0:56:44.180
Droege, Sam
But.

0:56:43.560 --> 0:56:44.750
Maffei, Clare J
That is very cool.

0:56:46.580 --> 0:56:47.660
Droege, Sam
Yeah, they tend to be.

0:56:46.620 --> 0:57:4.350
Maffei, Clare J
We have a little we've like just a couple of minutes left. I wanted to read this comment from Madeline from a little while ago about they've gotten more to lyrics from the formats and Western Mississippi, the Mississippi Delta, then the eastern side. Dear Alabama, they seem to respond well to cotton. I think that when we were talking about.

0:57:5.30 --> 0:57:6.30
Maffei, Clare J
We are to go hunting.

0:57:6.990 --> 0:57:7.580
Droege, Sam
Mm-hmm.

0:57:8.340 --> 0:57:10.650
Droege, Sam
Hutton, isn't it? Is it Malvaceae?

0:57:10.810 --> 0:57:11.630
Mike Arduser (Guest)
Yeah, yeah.

0:57:11.890 --> 0:57:13.460
Droege, Sam
Yeah. And is that an?

0:57:14.560 --> 0:57:18.410
Droege, Sam
That so that makes sense. And do people see that regularly?

0:57:20.210 --> 0:57:22.890
Mike Arduser (Guest)
Up up here, Telemetrics is also at.

0:57:23.680 --> 0:57:26.530
Mike Arduser (Guest)
Umm, what's that plan?

0:57:27.370 --> 0:57:28.160
Droege, Sam
Rose of Sharon.

0:57:31.890 --> 0:57:32.820
Droege, Sam
No crimp right?

0:57:27.790 --> 0:57:37.290
Mike Arduser (Guest)
Uh. Uh, no. It's a agricultural thing. Okra, which used to used to be a hibiscus, is now in a different genus. But yeah, your child thirds go to that all the time.

0:57:38.110 --> 0:57:40.680
Droege, Sam
Yeah, I mean it's the right shape for sure.

0:57:42.300 --> 0:57:42.640
Droege, Sam
Yeah.

0:57:40.180 --> 0:57:43.840
Mike Arduser (Guest)
Yeah, that's perfect. Yeah. And cotten's not all that different.

0:57:44.860 --> 0:57:45.590
Mike Arduser (Guest)
Big flower.

0:57:45.780 --> 0:57:46.490
Droege, Sam
Right, yeah.

0:57:49.60 --> 0:58:1.560
Droege, Sam
Still much to learn, I mean the other another whole aspect is that sometimes you have to be careful because you know if you look long enough at one particular plant, everything is gonna visit it a little bit.

0:58:2.350 --> 0:58:21.310
Droege, Sam
So you know, the question would be is it is at least cotton fields swarmy with till the tricks or is it like? Well you know there is nothing but cotton right now in the area blooming. So everything might come for a visit. I don't even. I don't know how much nectar is available in.

0:58:22.260 --> 0:58:22.820
Droege, Sam
Continent.

0:58:24.470 --> 0:58:24.800
Droege, Sam
Yeah.

0:58:24.300 --> 0:58:28.630
Maffei, Clare J
So I'll just asked a really good question that I want to make sure we capture before I wrap this up.

0:58:29.910 --> 0:58:35.680
Maffei, Clare J
Doesn't finish and Turricula have a parasitic relationship similar with August Florini.

0:58:38.700 --> 0:58:39.950
Droege, Sam
I don't think so.

0:58:41.0 --> 0:58:52.930
Droege, Sam
I mean they share, I think Mike or don't they don't they they share the same nest parasites, you know, they'll go in. What is Bohemia kiss now or whatever it is.

0:58:52.140 --> 0:58:54.780
Mike Arduser (Guest)
Yeah, I used to be used to be. Ashton, I yeah.

0:58:54.490 --> 0:58:57.810
Droege, Sam
Yeah, we'll go to both, right. Isn't that right? Yeah.

0:58:56.350 --> 0:58:59.40
Mike Arduser (Guest)
Yeah. Is it, or? Yeah, they're records. Yeah. Yeah.

0:58:58.940 --> 0:59:7.370
Droege, Sam
Yeah, but they're they're both. Clearly, I think I've never heard anything other than that they're both clearly pollen gathering species.

0:59:8.390 --> 0:59:24.980
Droege, Sam
The difference between bumblebees at R&R, not pollen gathering are super clear because there's architectural features that the nest parasites don't have that the the polling galleries do. And so it's not.

0:59:26.180 --> 0:59:28.730
Droege, Sam
Not so, anyway. Does that make sense?

0:59:27.20 --> 0:59:31.840
Mike Arduser (Guest)
Well, and those, yeah, those, those two species are largely allopatric too.

0:59:33.590 --> 0:59:34.550
Mike Arduser (Guest)
At least it.

0:59:34.80 --> 0:59:35.590
Droege, Sam
Ohh true yeah.

0:59:38.120 --> 0:59:38.410
Droege, Sam
Right.

0:59:35.370 --> 0:59:39.290
Mike Arduser (Guest)
No, it's work a lot, at least historically. It's been much more northern than than us.

0:59:41.160 --> 0:59:46.600
Droege, Sam
Huh. I wonder if that's why some of the turricula southern edge that seems to be moving South.

0:59:47.90 --> 0:59:47.470
Mike Arduser (Guest)
Huh.

0:59:48.320 --> 0:59:49.680
Droege, Sam
Yeah, because we've gotten.

0:59:53.810 --> 0:59:54.150
Mike Arduser (Guest)
Wow.

0:59:57.560 --> 0:59:57.970
Mike Arduser (Guest)
Wow.

0:59:50.430 --> 1:0:2.400
Droege, Sam
Records for in Maryland in Western Maryland and then in the mountains of Virginia that was new and they seem to be more common in Highlands of West Virginia.

1:0:3.840 --> 1:0:9.230
Droege, Sam
And that without a lot of previous records, I'm not even sure Tricula was recorded for West Virginia.

1:0:10.650 --> 1:0:10.950
Mike Arduser (Guest)
Umm.

1:0:10.440 --> 1:0:15.70
Droege, Sam
And Penn State now has turricula in the area of regularly.

1:0:15.590 --> 1:0:16.0
Mike Arduser (Guest)
Wow.

1:0:15.780 --> 1:0:19.910
Droege, Sam
Which and finaldi which is I think also.

1:0:21.130 --> 1:0:23.210
Droege, Sam
I think does it also?

1:0:26.990 --> 1:0:27.240
Mike Arduser (Guest)
No.

1:0:24.690 --> 1:0:31.110
Droege, Sam
Do terricola what's what. Are that? Vegans? That it's a parasite of.

1:0:35.730 --> 1:0:36.250
Mike Arduser (Guest)
Wow.

1:0:32.390 --> 1:0:38.810
Droege, Sam
Anyway, it's showing up really like large numbers now too, which is an odd bumblebee distribution thing.

1:0:44.940 --> 1:0:53.190
Maffei, Clare J
Cool. And Madeline wanted to clarify. They were catching the tiller. Thrifts in management areas in the Delta, not in the cotton fields themselves.

1:0:55.0 --> 1:0:57.650
Droege, Sam
Ohh so it's it's yeah so.

1:0:58.650 --> 1:1:9.800
Droege, Sam
It's well, and that makes sense. Like you know, when I think of teletext, I think of the flatlands and marsh edges and the delta at one point was like that. So there's probably still.

1:1:10.630 --> 1:1:19.860
Droege, Sam
Slews, but not many cause I visited Catherine a little while ago in the middle of the delta in Mississippi, and pretty grim.

1:1:21.0 --> 1:1:25.160
Droege, Sam
But but there are lots of ditches and things, so I could see them.

1:1:28.700 --> 1:1:31.90
Maffei, Clare J
OK, well, this has been fun.

1:1:32.390 --> 1:1:34.100
Maffei, Clare J
Any closing words of wisdom?

1:1:36.790 --> 1:1:37.890
Droege, Sam
Find cool things.

1:1:39.500 --> 1:1:40.170
Mike Arduser (Guest)
Get out there.

1:1:41.990 --> 1:1:42.280
Droege, Sam
Yeah.

1:1:42.890 --> 1:1:44.180
Maffei, Clare J
So inspiring.

1:1:48.10 --> 1:1:48.900
Mike Arduser (Guest)
Nature is waiting.

1:1:50.320 --> 1:1:51.290
Maffei, Clare J
Ohhh, alright.

1:1:52.10 --> 1:1:53.990
Mike Arduser (Guest)
Yeah. Yeah. Thank you very much.

1:1:50.580 --> 1:1:54.590
Droege, Sam
Thanks Claire for putting it together and thanks for everyone for attending.

1:1:55.730 --> 1:1:56.450
Maffei, Clare J
Yeah, this is good.

1:1:55.420 --> 1:2:4.510
Droege, Sam
But and also we want a little we want fewer shy people because I see people on there that I know come across cool things and they're not saying anything.

1:2:7.310 --> 1:2:8.820
Maffei, Clare J
Yeah, guys.

1:2:8.680 --> 1:2:10.120
Droege, Sam
Don't make me call you out.

1:2:11.420 --> 1:2:13.170
Maffei, Clare J
Very intimidating over here.

1:2:14.710 --> 1:2:15.690
Droege, Sam
Anthony and Mark.

1:2:15.190 --> 1:2:15.720
Maffei, Clare J
OK.

1:2:17.600 --> 1:2:19.450
Maffei, Clare J
And what are we thinking about next week?

1:2:21.380 --> 1:2:22.630
Maffei, Clare J
Yeah, Mark is here. Hi, mark.

1:2:26.860 --> 1:2:27.250
Maffei, Clare J
Mm-hmm.

1:2:21.580 --> 1:2:27.450
Droege, Sam
Well, we we kind of finished up Mega Kylie, Mega Kylie.

1:2:28.330 --> 1:2:28.820
Droege, Sam
Uh.

1:2:30.980 --> 1:2:32.130
Mike Arduser (Guest)
Did did you ever did?

1:2:29.860 --> 1:2:32.420
Droege, Sam
Mike, any notions highlight clarity?

1:2:32.840 --> 1:2:33.960
Mike Arduser (Guest)
Did you ever do stelis?

1:2:35.260 --> 1:2:35.840
Maffei, Clare J
We did.

1:2:35.320 --> 1:2:37.610
Droege, Sam
And we did. You were gone, though, sadly.

1:2:36.690 --> 1:2:39.200
Mike Arduser (Guest)
Yeah, OK. OK, glad, glad it was.

1:2:40.390 --> 1:2:40.740
Droege, Sam
Yeah.

1:2:40.620 --> 1:2:42.870
Mike Arduser (Guest)
Yeah, polarity. Yeah, I mean that.

1:2:42.720 --> 1:2:43.650
Droege, Sam
How about quality?

1:2:43.900 --> 1:2:44.650
Mike Arduser (Guest)
There's a lot of.

1:2:45.990 --> 1:2:46.670
Maffei, Clare J
We've done.

1:2:46.90 --> 1:2:47.70
Mike Arduser (Guest)
That's pretty pretty.

1:2:46.730 --> 1:2:47.120
Droege, Sam
Yeah.

1:2:48.820 --> 1:2:49.120
Droege, Sam
Pardon.

1:2:50.300 --> 1:2:50.520
Mike Arduser (Guest)
No.

1:2:48.410 --> 1:2:51.130
Maffei, Clare J
Yeah, we've done collides and helaas.

1:2:51.740 --> 1:2:52.350
Droege, Sam
And we did.

1:2:52.100 --> 1:2:53.80
Maffei, Clare J
Already.

1:2:53.670 --> 1:2:54.120
Droege, Sam
OK.

1:2:54.420 --> 1:2:55.110
Mike Arduser (Guest)
What about product?

1:2:54.380 --> 1:2:55.540
Maffei, Clare J
But there's some other stuff.

1:2:55.0 --> 1:2:56.950
Droege, Sam
I can't forget how long we've been doing this.

1:2:57.280 --> 1:2:57.870
Mike Arduser (Guest)
About her.

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Maffei, Clare J
I know this is like our 80th episode. I think something like that.

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Droege, Sam
Yeah.

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Droege, Sam
OK.

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Droege, Sam
Right.

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Maffei, Clare J
We'll send us your votes. e-mail me what you want us to work on next?

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Maffei, Clare J
And that'll inform our next decision.

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Mike Arduser (Guest)
And we.

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Maffei, Clare J
Andrina.

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Droege, Sam
We we we do.

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Mike Arduser (Guest)
Well.

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Maffei, Clare J
Yeah.

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Droege, Sam
We do have a lazy blossom hanging out there. We should probably bring in some of Jason's people to help work us through that, but.

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Droege, Sam
It's a.

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Droege, Sam
And adrina too.

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Maffei, Clare J
Rob said he would come for andrino if, if I reached out, but I don't know how long, how many months he has.

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Droege, Sam
Yeah.

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Droege, Sam
Well, I mean, we've got those, some of those big ones, so.

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Maffei, Clare J
Yeah, I'll ask him. I'll send him an e-mail today.

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Droege, Sam
I mean andrina versus lazy blossom. Yeah. And we can split lazy blossom up some.

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Maffei, Clare J
OK, well, people have spoken. We got multiple Andreas on the chat.

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Mike Arduser (Guest)
Ohh.

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Maffei, Clare J
Alright.

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Droege, Sam
Right, yeah.

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Droege, Sam
All right, fine.

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Mike Arduser (Guest)
OK.

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Maffei, Clare J
I'm going to wrap up the recording and I'll see you all next week.

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Mike Arduser (Guest)
Alright. Thanks Claire.

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Droege, Sam
Thanks Claire.

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Maffei, Clare J
Thank you both.

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Droege, Sam
Thank you, Mike.

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Mike Arduser (Guest)
Alright, Sam, get out there, collect.

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Droege, Sam
Right.